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Question
Which compound is most reactive towards E1 reaction in ethanoic acid?
Which compound is most reactive towards E1 reaction in ethanoic acid?
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Solution
The correct option is B
In E1, formation of carbocation is the slowest step. Hence, it is the rate determining step.
Thus, the rate of the reaction depends on the rate of formation of carbocation. Stable carbocation will be formed easily so rate of E1 reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation formed.
Compound (a), forms primary carbocation with one α carbon.
Compound (b), forms secondary carbocation with 2 α− hydrogen and resonance is operating.
Compound (c), forms secondary carbocation with 5 α− hydrogen.
Secondary carbocation formed by b and c are more stable than primary carbocation formed by a due to +I effect and more hyperconjugation effect so b and c are more reactive than a.
Comparing b and c, b carbocation will be stabilised by +R effect and hence more reactive than c.
Therefore, compound (b) is the most reactive alkyl halide towards E1 reaction.
In E1, formation of carbocation is the slowest step. Hence, it is the rate determining step.
Thus, the rate of the reaction depends on the rate of formation of carbocation. Stable carbocation will be formed easily so rate of E1 reaction depends on the stability of the carbocation formed.
Compound (a), forms primary carbocation with one α carbon.
Compound (b), forms secondary carbocation with 2 α− hydrogen and resonance is operating.
Compound (c), forms secondary carbocation with 5 α− hydrogen.
Secondary carbocation formed by b and c are more stable than primary carbocation formed by a due to +I effect and more hyperconjugation effect so b and c are more reactive than a.
Comparing b and c, b carbocation will be stabilised by +R effect and hence more reactive than c.
Therefore, compound (b) is the most reactive alkyl halide towards E1 reaction.
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