At the White House in Washington, D.C., Egyptian President Anwar el-Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin signed the Camp David Accords, laying the groundwork for a permanent peace agreement between Egypt and Israel after three decades of hostilities. The accords were negotiated during 12 days of intensive talks at President Jimmy Carter’s Camp David retreat in the Catoctin Mountains of Maryland. The final peace agreement – the first between Israel and one of its Arab neighbors–was signed on 17 September 1979. Sadat and Begin were jointly awarded the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts.