Oral contraceptives (birth-control pills) are used to prevent pregnancy. Oestrogen and progestin are two female sex hormones. Combinations of oestrogen and progestin work by preventing ovulation (the release of eggs from the ovaries). They also change the lining of the uterus (womb) to prevent pregnancy from developing and change the mucus at the cervix (opening of the uterus) to prevent sperm (male reproductive cells) from entering.