Which is the "only enzyme" that has the "capability" to catalyse initiation, elongation and termination in the process of transcription in prokaryotes?
Which is the "only enzyme" that has the "capability" to catalyse initiation, elongation and termination in the process of transcription in prokaryotes?
The correct option is C DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
The correct option is C.
Explanation of the correct option:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase is an essential enzyme in the transcription of the transcription systems of prokaryotes and eukaryotes as well as viral cytoplasmic DNA.
- The process by which the information is copied from a DNA strand to a messenger mRNA is known as transcription.
- This process is carried out with the help of the enzyme RNA polymerase.
- There are three stages in the process of transcription in prokaryotes. They are initiation, elongation, and termination.
- The enzyme and the initiation factor join with the DNA sequence during the initiation stage at the promotor.
- During elongation, the ribonucleotides are added to the strand.
- In the termination process, the initiation factor is replaced by the termination factor, and the RNA and the polymerase enzyme are removed.
Explanation of the incorrect options:
Option A:
DNA-dependent DNA polymerase serves to direct the synthesis of new DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates against existing DNA templates that contain the genetic information essential to the survival of the organism.
Option B:
DNA ligase is a specific enzyme, ligase, that facilitates the joining of DNA strands by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds.
Option D:
DNAse is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of phosphodiester bonds in DNA.
Final answer: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase is the "only enzyme" that has the "capability" to catalyze initiation, elongation, and termination in the process of transcription in prokaryotes.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
The correct option is C.
Explanation of the correct option:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase is an essential enzyme in the transcription of the transcription systems of prokaryotes and eukaryotes as well as viral cytoplasmic DNA.
- The process by which the information is copied from a DNA strand to a messenger mRNA is known as transcription.
- This process is carried out with the help of the enzyme RNA polymerase.
- There are three stages in the process of transcription in prokaryotes. They are initiation, elongation, and termination.
- The enzyme and the initiation factor join with the DNA sequence during the initiation stage at the promotor.
- During elongation, the ribonucleotides are added to the strand.
- In the termination process, the initiation factor is replaced by the termination factor, and the RNA and the polymerase enzyme are removed.
Explanation of the incorrect options:
Option A:
DNA-dependent DNA polymerase serves to direct the synthesis of new DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates against existing DNA templates that contain the genetic information essential to the survival of the organism.
Option B:
DNA ligase is a specific enzyme, ligase, that facilitates the joining of DNA strands by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds.
Option D:
DNAse is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of phosphodiester bonds in DNA.
Final answer: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase is the "only enzyme" that has the "capability" to catalyze initiation, elongation, and termination in the process of transcription in prokaryotes.
