Which is true for character oriented protocol.
Groups of 16 bits represents control codes is true for character oriented protocol..
The first 128 Unicode code points are the ASCII characters, which means that any ASCII text is also a UTF-8 text. UCS-2 uses two bytes (16 bits) for each character but can only encode the first 65,536 code points, the so-called Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP).
A 16-bit integer can store 216 (or 65,536) distinct values. In an unsigned representation, these values are the integers between 0 and 65,535; using two's complement, possible values range from −32,768 to 32,767. Hence, a processor with 16-bit memory addresses can directly access 64 KB of byte-addressable memory.
UTF-8 is multibyte character encoding. Characters can have 1 to 6 bytes (some of them may be not required right now). UTF-32 each characters have 4 bytes a characters. UTF-16 uses 16 bits for each character and it represents only part of Unicode characters called BMP (for all practical purposes its enough).