Which of the disorders below is characterized by destruction of the walls of the alveoli producing abnormally large air spaces that remain filled with air during exhalation?
A
Pneumonia
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B
Tuberculosis
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C
Emphysema
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D
Coryza
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Solution
The correct option is C
Emphysema
Emphysema is a chronic lung disease caused by damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lung where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. With emphysema, damage to the alveoli results in air becoming trapped, causing them to expand and rupture. This condition is most common among smokers, while it could also arise due to genetic factors or other reasons.