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Question

Which of the following are efflorescent substances?


A

Na2CO3.10H2O

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B

CuSO45H2O

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C

K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O

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D

Both A and B

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Solution

The correct option is D

Both A and B


The correct option is D.

Explanation for correct option:

  • CuSO45H2O and Na2CO3.10H2O are examples of efflorescent substances.
  • Efflorescent substances are substances that lose the water molecules when exposed to air due to evaporation. They form the corresponding salts.
  • CuSO45H2O - Copper II sulphate is a blue crystalline solid that when exposed to air loses the water molecules slowly. As a result, it crystallizes to white anhydrous copper sulphate salt.
  • Na2CO3.10H2O loses 9 water molecules and becomes completely anhydrous.

Explanation for incorrect options:

Option C:

K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O is a common alum. Its crystals do not lose water molecules by efflorescence.

Final answer: Na2CO3.10H2O and CuSO4.5H2O are efflorescent substances.


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