Question

Which of the following are included in the ‘basic structure’ of the constitution?

Codes:

• A. Only 2 and 3
• B. Only 1, 2 and 4
• C. Only 1, 3 and 4
• D. All of the Above

Answer 1

The correct option is D All of the Above

From the various judgments, the following have emerged as ‘basic features’ of the Constitution or elements/Components/ingredients of the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution

• Supremacy of the Constitution.
• Sovereign, democratic and republican nature, of the
• Indian polity.
• Secular character of the Constitution. Separation of powers between the legislature, the executive and the judiciary
• Federal character of the Constitution.
• Unity and integrity of the nation
• Welfare state (socio – economic justice)
• Judicial review
• Freedom and dignity of the individual
• Parliamentary system
• Rule of law
• Harmony and balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
• Principle of equality
• Free and fair elections
• Independence of Judiciary
• Limited power of Parliament to amend the Constitution
• Effective access to justice.
• Principle of reasonableness
• Powers of the Supreme Court under Articles 32, 136, 141 and 142.