Which of the following can be used as a method for secondary oil recovery?
1) Water flooding
2) Surfactants injection
3) CO2 injection
4) Microbial injection
1, 2, 3 and 4
After the primary oil recovery process, the secondary oil recovery process can be done as follows:
1) Water flooding: Water injection wells are drilled into the oil reservoir and large amounts of water is poured into it. Water has the higher density as compared to oil, therefore this causes the oil to rise up.
2) Surfactant injection: Chemicals known as surfactants are poured on to the oil layer which forms micelles and thus helps in recovery of oil.
3) CO2 injection: Carbon dioxide injection increases the natural pressure in the oil reservoir causing it to rise up.
4) Microbial injection: Microbes are small living organisms. They feed on nutrients present in oil reservoirs and releases gas and helps in oil recovery.