Question

Which of the following catalyt is used during the hydrogenation of oil?

• A. Fe
• B. Ni
• C. Pt
• D. Mo

Answer 1

The correct option is B Ni

A Catalyst is a substance which acclerates the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any change in its chemical composition or massduring the reaction. A catalyst acclerates the rate of a reaction by lowering the activation energy.

Catalysts are of 2 types

i) Homogenous catalyst when reactant and catalyst are in same phase .In this catalysis, the catalyst combines withone of the reactants to form some intermediate compound, which is unstable and decomposes easily to form the product.

ii) Heterogeneous catalyst When reactant and catalyst are in different phases. These are surface catalyst which acts through adsorption.

Ni is used as a catalyst during the hydrogenation of oil. This is an example of heterogeneous catalysis.
During hydrogenation, vegetable oils are converted into vegetable ghee.
vegetable oils (l) $+H_2\left(g\right)\stackrel{Ni\left(s\right)}{\to }$ vegetable ghee (s).