Question

Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubules?

• A. Increase in aldosterone levels
• B. Decrease in aldosterone levels
• C. Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
• D. Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels

Answer 1

The correct option is A

Increase in aldosterone levels

The correct option is A.

Explanation of correct option:

1. In the adrenal cortex, aldosterone is generated (adrenal glands).
2. Its main purpose is to encourage the kidneys' ability to absorb water and salt ions, which increases blood volume.
3. The distal convoluted tubules produce more sodium when the hormone levels are low and do so by secreting more sodium.
4. Aldosterone, cortisol, and adrenaline are hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex.

Explanation of incorrect options:

Option B:

1. Addison's disease is an uncommon disorder brought on by a reduction in aldosterone.
2. Low blood pressure, elevated potassium levels, and tiredness are the results of this.

Option C:

1. If levels of the anti-diuretic hormone are low, the kidneys will expel too much water.
2. The more urine produced, the greater the risk of dehydration and an abrupt decrease in blood pressure.

Option D:

1. Less urine is produced by the body when the ADH level is high. More urine is generated when the level is low.
2. ADH levels in the body are often greater at night. This prevents someone from passing urine when they're sleeping.

Final Answer: An increase in aldosterone levels causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in distal convoluted tubules.