Which of the following conformations of butane has the lowest energy?

anti

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gauche

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eclipsed

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staggered

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Solution

The correct option is A anti
In the anti - conformation of butane (when the dihedral angle = $180^{0}$ ), the potential energy is at its lowest, therefore it is the most stable. This is due to the methyl groups being farthest away from each other in the molecule.

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