Question

Which of the following contraceptive methods do involve the role of hormones?

• A. Pills, Emergency contraceptives, Barrier methods.
• B. Lactational amenorrhea, Pills, Emergency contraceptives.
• C. Barrier method, Lactational amenorrhea, Pills.
• D. CuT, Pills, Emergency contraceptives.

Answer 1

The correct option is B

Lactational amenorrhea, Pills, Emergency contraceptives.

The correct option is option B.

Explanation for correct option:

1. When a woman is breastfeeding, she may experience lactational amenorrhea, a brief period of infertility characterized by the absence of monthly periods.
2. Lactational amenorrhea is caused by a disruption in the hypothalamus gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion.
3. Gonadotropin levels drop in lactational amenorrhea due to elevated prolactin levels.
4. Females take oral tablets that include progestogens or progestin-estrogen combos.
5. The pill's hormones effectively prevent ovulation. A pregnancy cannot occur if there is no ovulation since there is no egg for the sperm to fertilize.
6. The hormones in the pill also cause the mucus on the cervix to thicken, preventing sperm from swimming to an egg by blocking their movement.
7. Medication used as emergency contraception primarily works to stop ovulation or conception. When used within 72 hours of coitus, progestogens, progestogen-estrogen combinations, or IUDs are particularly effective emergency contraception.
8. Hormones have a role in lactational amenorrhea, oral pills, and emergency contraception.

Explanation for incorrect options:

Option A and Option B:

1. Barriers are used in barrier methods to keep ovum and sperm from physically interacting.
2. Barrier methods are of four types. They are spermicide, condom, sponge, diaphragm, and cervical cap.

Option D:

1. The copper intrauterine device (IUD) or CuT is an extremely small "T-shaped" contraceptive implant that is placed inside the uterus.
2. It prevents the implantation of the zygote on the uterine wall. Hence, it does not involve any hormones.

Final Answer: Lactational amenorrhea, Pills, and Emergency contraceptive methods involve the role of the hormone.