Question

Which of the following electrons is responsible for electrification in a conductor?

• A. Free Electrons
  
• B. Bound Electrons
  
• C. Both Free and Bound Electrons
  
• D. None of the above

Answer 1

The correct option is A Free Electrons

It is the free electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, which are responsible for electrification.
The number of electrons in the outermost shell determines the valence of an atom. For this reason, the outer shell of an atom is called the valence shell and the electrons contained in this shell are called valence electrons or free electrons. The valence of an atom determines its ability to gain or lose an electron, which in turn determines the chemical and electrical properties of the atom. An atom that is lacking only one or two electrons from its outer
shell will easily gain electrons to complete its shell, but a large amount of energy is required to free any of its electrons. The valence shell always refers to the outermost shell.
Hence, electrons revolving in the valence shell or outermost shell of an atom are called free electrons.Hence correct option is A.