Which of the following enzymes are required for DNA replication?

DNA polymerase

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RNA polymerase

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DNA ligase

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Helicase

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Solution

The correct options are
A
DNA polymerase

C
DNA ligase

D
Helicase

In the process of replication, DNA helicase first unwinds the double helix, giving rise to the replication fork. Primase enzyme makes the RNA primer. DNA polymerase adds the nucleotides at the 3' end of the RNA primer, resulting in elongation of the newly forming daughter DNA strand. At the end of the replication, DNA ligase helps to join the parent strands back together. Thus, restoring the helix.

RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for the elongation of RNA strand and is involved in the process of Transcription and NOT Replication.

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Match the following enzymes of DNA replication with their respective functions:
$\begin{matrix} p . D N A p o l y m e r a s e & i . H e l p s u n z i p t h e D N A d o u b l e h e l i x q . D N A l i g a s e & i i . S e a l s n i c k s b e t w e e n O k a z a k i f r a g m e n t s r . D N A h e l i c a s e & i i i . L a y s R N A p r i m e r s t o w h i c h p o l y m e r a s e c a n a d d n u c l e o t i d e s s . P r i m a s e & i v . A d d s n u c l e o t i d e s t o t h e f r e e 3^{'} e n d o f R N A p r i m e r s \end{matrix}$

Q. Which of the following are correctly matched?
1. Ligase - Joins short segments of DNA together
2. DNA polymerase - cuts DNA at specific site
3. Helicase breaks hydrogen bond between complementary pairs during DNA replication

Q. Match the following enzymes of DNA replication with their respective functions:

\begin{matrix} Column I & Column II p. DNA polymerase & i. Helps unzip the DNA double helix q. DNA ligase & ii. Seals nicks between Okazaki fragments r. DNA helicase & iii. Lays RNA primers to which polymerase can add nucleotides s. Primase & iv. Adds nucleotides to the free 3' end of RNA primers \end{matrix}

Q. How many of the following statements are correct ?

A. DNA dependent DNA polymerase requires DNA primer for initiating replication but DNA dependent RNA polymerase does not require any primer for transcription.

B. DNA dependent DNA polymerase requires RNA primer for initiating replication but DNA dependent RNA polymerase does not require any primer for transcription.

C. During replication, unwinding of DNA double helix forms a fork-like structure called replication fork.

D. During transcription, unwinding of the DNA double helix by DNA dependent RNA polymerase forms a transcription bubble.

E. During transcription, unwinding of DNA double helix by DNA dependent RNA polymerase forms a transcription fork.

Q. Which of the following contains the key tools for recombinant DNA technology?
(i) Restriction endonucleases, ligases, vectors(ii) Ligases, host organism, polymerase enzymes(iii) Vectors, Taq polymerase, primers(iv) Restriction exonucleases, ligases, primers, bioreactors

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