Question

Which of the following factor(s) is/are responsible for the process of soil formation?

• A. Temperature
• B. Water
• C. Gravity
• D. Wind

Answer 1

Answer: (A), (B), (C), (D)

The correct options are
A Temperature
B Water
C Gravity
D Wind

Several factors affect the process of soil formation:
$\bullet$ Temperature - Rocks can be broken down due to changes in temperature. As the rocks heat up during the day, the outside of the rock expands while the inside of the rock is still cool. As the day passes and the surrounding air becomes cold, the outside of the rock cools down. This unequal and repetitive heating and cooling of the rock cracks it up gradually.
$\bullet$ Water - When it rains and the water seeps into the cracked rocks or if the rock is located near or in rivers, water might find its way in. Water will expand when the inside of the rock cools down. It will melt as the rock heats up. This repetitive process cracks it further.
$\bullet$ Winds - Winds can carry sand particles which can brush over the rocks and scrape the edges off. Strong winds can also lead to the collision of rocks causing wear and tear.
$\bullet$ Gravity - Gravity can cause the loosely bound rocks to fall or slide over steep surfaces and rush to the ground.