Which of the following functional groups are reduced by hydrogen in presence of $N i / H_{2}$ catalyst?

> C = C <

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- C \equiv C -

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- C N

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- C H O

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Solution

The correct options are
A $> C = C <$
B $- C \equiv C -$
C $- C N$
D $- C H O$
All the above mentioned functional groups can be reduced by $N i / H_{2}$ catalyst.
For example-
Reduction of acetylene to Ethylene is given as-
$C H$ $\equiv$ $C H$ $+$ $H_{2}$ $N i ⟶$ $C H_{2} = C H_{2}$
Reduction of Ethylene to Ethane is given as-
$C H_{2} = C H_{2}$ $+$ $H_{2}$ $N i ⟶$ $C H_{3} - C H_{3}$
Reduction of Aldehyde group to Alcohol is given as-
$C H_{3} - C H O$ $+$ $H_{2}$ $N i ⟶$ $C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O H$
Reduction of Nitrile group to Amine is given as-
$C H_{3} - C$ $\equiv$ $N$ $+$ $H_{2}$ $N i ⟶$ $C H_{3} - C H_{2} - N H_{2}$
Thus options A, B, C and D all can be reduced by Hydrogen in presence of $N i$ catalysts.
But, the Nitrile group, that is $R - C$ $\equiv$ $N$ can be reduced less easily by Hydrogen in presence of Nickel catalysts. All the other functional groups are easily reduced.

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Similar questions

I : C H_{2} = C H_{2}

I I : C H_{3} - C H = C H_{2}

I I I : (C H_{3})_{2} - C = C H - C H_{3}

I V : C H_{3} - C \equiv C - C H_{3}

V : C H_{2} = C H - C H = C H_{2}

C H_{2} = C H - C H O \to C H_{2} = C H - C H_{2} O H

The correct functional group X and the reagent/ reaction conditions Y in the following scheme are

C H_{3} C H_{2} C H_{2} CHO, C H_{3} C H_{2} C H_{2} CH_{2} OH, C_{2} H_{5} O C_{2} H_{5}, C H_{3} C H_{2} C H_{2} C H_{3}

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