Which of the following has maximum coagulation power with ferric hydroxide solution?

Cryolite

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K_{2} {C r}_{2} O_{4}

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K_{3} [F e {(C N)}_{6}]

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K_{4} [F e {(C N)}_{6}]

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Solution

The correct option is A Cryolite
According to 'Hardy Schulze rule, the ions carrying the charge opposite to that of solution particles are effective in causing coagulation of the solution. Greater is the valency of the oppositely charged ions of the electrolyte being added, the faster is the coagulation power.
$\begin{matrix} {N a}_{3} A l F_{6} c r y o l i t e \end{matrix} \begin{matrix} ⇌ \end{matrix} \begin{matrix} 3 {N a}^{+} + {A l}^{3 +} + F_{6}^{6 -} \end{matrix}$
$K_{2} {C r}_{2} O_{4} ⇌ 2 K^{+} + {C r}_{2} O_{4}^{2 -}$
$K_{3} [F e {(C N)}_{6}] ⇌ 3 K^{+} {[F e {(C N)}_{6}]}^{3 -}$
$K_{4} [F e {(C N)}_{6}] ⇌ 4 K^{+} + {[F e {(C N)}_{6}]}^{4 -}$
Hence, to coagulate a positive solution ferric hydroxide $[F e {(O H)}_{3}]$ , the coagulating power of different anion in the decreasing order as $F_{6}^{6 -} > {[F e {(C N)}_{6}]}^{4 -} > {[F e {(C N)}_{6}]}^{3 -} > {C r}_{2} O_{4}^{2 -}$

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