The correct option is D All of the above
Parthenogenesis literally means a virgin birth; in biological terms, it simply means that an unfertilised ovum will give rise to a fully-functioning adult. Parthenogenesis is divided into three classes based on the end product. Arrhenotoky which involves the creation of fatherless males, thelytoky which is the creation of fatherless females. There is a third type as well - termed deuterotoky or amphitoky which is the fabrication of both males and females by unmated females. Now this is seemingly very rare and thought to be exhibited by tailor ants.