Question

Which of the following is an inherited disorder?

• A. Leprosy
• B. Goiter
• C. AIDS
• D. Albinism
• E. Parkinson's disease

Answer 1

Answer: (D)

Albinism

Leprosy is a bacterial infection caused Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and is characterized by discoloration and lumps of skin, mucous membranes, and nerves.

Goiter is caused by lack of dietary iodine or hyperthyroidism in which thyroid gland produce excess of thyroid hormone.

AIDS is a virus infection that reduces immune responses and hence weakens a person's ability to fight other infections and cancer.

Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder of nervous system which is caused by insufficient production of dopamine by brain nerve cells.

As we know that changes in genetic material, acquired during life span, are inherited. In case of above mentioned diseases, there is no change/mutation in the genetic material, hence they are not inheritable diseases.

Albinism is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation in the gene responsible for melanin production. Since the governing gene is mutated, albinism is inheritable.