Which of the following is/are the best reagent(s) for the electrophilic nitration of benzene?

d i l . H_{2} S O_{4}

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C o n c . H N O_{2}

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N O_{2} and A l C l_{3}

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C o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} and c o n c . H N O_{3}

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Solution

The correct option is D $C o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} and c o n c . H N O_{3}$
Nitration :
The replacement/substitution of one $H$ -atom of benzene ring by nitro group $(N O_{2})$ .It is carried out by treating benzene with conc. nitric acid and conc. sulfuric acid.
The reaction is :
$C_{6} H_{6} + C o n c . H N O_{3} + C o n c . H_{2} S O_{4} 323 - 333 K - ----- \to C_{6} H_{5} N O_{2} + H_{2} O$

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