Question

Which of the following is/are the best reagent(s) for the electrophilic nitration of benzene?

• A. $dil.H_{2}S{O}_4$
• B. $Conc.HN{O}_2$
• C. $N{O}_2\text{and}AlC{l}_3$
• D. $Conc.H_{2}S{O}_4\text{and}conc.HN{O}_3$

Answer 1

The correct option is D $Conc.H_{2}S{O}_4\text{and}conc.HN{O}_3$

Nitration :
The replacement/substitution of one $H$-atom of benzene ring by nitro group $\left(N{O}_2\right)$ .It is carried out by treating benzene with conc. nitric acid and conc. sulfuric acid.
The reaction is :
$C_6{H}_6+Conc.HN{O}_3+Conc.H_{2}S{O}_4\stackrel{323-333K}{\to }{C}_6{H}_{5}N{O}_2+H_{2}O$