1
Question
Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
Which of the following is not correctly matched for the organism and its cell wall degrading enzyme?
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Solution
The correct option is C Algae - Methylase
Significance of degradation of cell wall
Breaking the cell wall is an important step in isolating the genetic material from the cells. Enzymes are used to break the cell wall depending on the species. The choice of the enzyme is based on the component of the cell wall.
Algal cell wall digestion
The algal cell wall is made up of cellulose and hence the cellulase enzyme is needed to digest the cell wall. Therefore the given matching pair in the option ‘A’ is incorrect.
Fungal cell wall digestion
Fungal cell walls contain chitin that can be digested by chitinase enzymes. Hence the given matching pair in the option ‘B’ is correct.
Bacterial cell wall digestion
The bacterial cell wall contains peptidoglycans and lipids. It is broken down by using the enzyme lysozyme. Hence the given matching pair in the option ‘C’ is correct.
Plant cell wall digestion
Enzyme cellulase is used to digest the cellulose present in the plant cell wall. Therefore the given matching pair in the option ‘D’ is correct.
Restriction modification system
A restriction-modification system is a defense mechanism in bacteria, which is used against bacteriophages. It consists of two enzymes that work in the following manner:
- Restriction enzyme: They restrict the propagation of foreign DNA in the bacterium.
- Modification enzyme: They add methyl groups to one or more bases within the recognition sequence of restriction enzymes. The DNA with the modified sequences cannot be recognized and cut by restriction enzymes. Examples include methylase.
Final answer
(A) Algae - Methylase
Significance of degradation of cell wall
Breaking the cell wall is an important step in isolating the genetic material from the cells. Enzymes are used to break the cell wall depending on the species. The choice of the enzyme is based on the component of the cell wall.
Algal cell wall digestion
The algal cell wall is made up of cellulose and hence the cellulase enzyme is needed to digest the cell wall. Therefore the given matching pair in the option ‘A’ is incorrect.
Fungal cell wall digestion
Fungal cell walls contain chitin that can be digested by chitinase enzymes. Hence the given matching pair in the option ‘B’ is correct.
Bacterial cell wall digestion
The bacterial cell wall contains peptidoglycans and lipids. It is broken down by using the enzyme lysozyme. Hence the given matching pair in the option ‘C’ is correct.
Plant cell wall digestion
Enzyme cellulase is used to digest the cellulose present in the plant cell wall. Therefore the given matching pair in the option ‘D’ is correct.
Restriction modification system
A restriction-modification system is a defense mechanism in bacteria, which is used against bacteriophages. It consists of two enzymes that work in the following manner:
- Restriction enzyme: They restrict the propagation of foreign DNA in the bacterium.
- Modification enzyme: They add methyl groups to one or more bases within the recognition sequence of restriction enzymes. The DNA with the modified sequences cannot be recognized and cut by restriction enzymes. Examples include methylase.
(A) Algae - Methylase
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