Which of the following is not formed by the reaction of $C l_{2}$ with $C H_{4}$ in presence of sunlight?

C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{3}

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C H_{3} - C H_{3}

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C H_{3} - C l

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C H_{2} - C l_{2}

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Solution

The correct option is A $C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{3}$
When one or more H atoms of an alkane are replaced by Halogen, such reactions are called Halogenation Reaction.
Halogenation reaction takes place at high temperature (573 K to 773 K) in presence of diffused or ultraviolet (UV) light.
Halogenation proceeds via free radical chain mechanism involving following three steps:
1) Initiation
2) Propagation
3) Termination

Chain initiation step:

$C l - C l h ν \to ∙ C l + ∙ C l$

Chain propagation step:
$∙ C l + C H_{4} h ν \to ∙ C H_{3} + H C l$
$∙ C H_{3} + C l - C l h ν \to C H_{3} C l + ∙ C l$

The above two steps have more focus since they produce the principal product $C H_{3} C l$ .
But other steps are also possible which generate more highly halogenated products.

Example:

$C H_{3} - C l + ∙ C l \to ∙ C H_{2} C l + H C l$
$∙ C H_{2} - C l + C l - C l \to C H_{2} C l_{2} + ∙ C l$

possible Chain termination Step -
$∙ C l + ∙ C l \to C l_{2}$
$∙ C H_{3} + ∙ C H_{3} \to C H_{3} - C H_{3}$

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