1
Question
Which of the following is steam volatile?
Which of the following is steam volatile?
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Solution
The correct option is B o-Nitrophenol
The explanation for the correct option
(B) o-Nitrophenol
- A compound if it distills under steam distillation then it is said to be steam volatile.
- To purify volatile organic substances by steam distillation, the compound must have its melting point lesser than the boiling point of water.
- Here, o-Nitrophenol involves intramolecular hydrogen bonding, so it cannot form a hydrogen bond with other molecules
- Hence it has a lower melting point and it can be distilled by steam distillation
Hence, Option (B) o-Nitrophenol is correct
The explanation for the incorrect options
(A) Phenol
- Phenol does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding, it can effectively have hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
- It cannot be distilled by steam distillation
(C) m-Nitrophenol
.png_img_upload_solution_2022-07-02 03:24:29.785578.png)
- m-Nitrophenol does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding, it can effectively have hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
- It cannot be distilled by steam distillation
(D) p-Nitrophenol
.png_img_upload_solution_2022-07-02 03:25:53.330895.png)
- p-Nitrophenol does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding, it can effectively have hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
- It cannot be distilled by steam distillation
Therefore, Option (B) o-Nitrophenol is correct
o-Nitrophenol
The explanation for the correct option
(B) o-Nitrophenol
- A compound if it distills under steam distillation then it is said to be steam volatile.
- To purify volatile organic substances by steam distillation, the compound must have its melting point lesser than the boiling point of water.
- Here, o-Nitrophenol involves intramolecular hydrogen bonding, so it cannot form a hydrogen bond with other molecules
- Hence it has a lower melting point and it can be distilled by steam distillation
Hence, Option (B) o-Nitrophenol is correct
The explanation for the incorrect options
(A) Phenol
- Phenol does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding, it can effectively have hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
- It cannot be distilled by steam distillation
(C) m-Nitrophenol
- m-Nitrophenol does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding, it can effectively have hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
- It cannot be distilled by steam distillation
(D) p-Nitrophenol
- p-Nitrophenol does not have intramolecular hydrogen bonding, it can effectively have hydrogen bonds with other molecules.
- It cannot be distilled by steam distillation
Therefore, Option (B) o-Nitrophenol is correct
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