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Question

Which of the following is the biologically active form(s) of a protein?

A
Primary structure
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B
Secondary structure
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C
Tertiary structure
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D
Quarternary structure
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Solution

The correct option is C Tertiary structure
The primary structure of a protein is the linear chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It represents the position of amino acids. There is a free -NH2 group with 𝛂- carbon at the N- terminal of the amino acid and a free -COOH group with 𝛂- carbon at the the C- terminal.
The secondary structure is the folding of the polypeptide chain due to interactions among amino acids. It can be of 2 types. 𝛂- helix resembles a spring. 𝝱- pleated sheet represents segments of polypeptide chain lining up next to each other resembling a pleated paper.
Tertiary structure is the 3D structure formed due to the protein folding upon itself. It is the biologically active form of a protein.
Quaternary structure is the association of 2 or more polypeptide chains. Each chain is considered a subunit. It is the arrangement of each folded polypeptide chain with respect to each other. Eg:- Haemoglobin has 2𝛂 and 2𝝱 chains.

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