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Question

Which of the following is the correct order of -I effect?

A
+NH3>CN>OH>NH2
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B
+NH3<CN>OH>NH2
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C
+NH3<CN<OH>NH2
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D
+NH3<CN<OH<NH2
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Solution

The correct option is A +NH3>CN>OH>NH2
Inductive effect of +NH3 is maximum due to presence of positive charge. Inductive effect of CN is more than OH and NH2 because of presence of triple bond between C and N. So more is the % of s-character. So it withdraws electron more powerfully towards itself.

Electron withdrawing group shows -I effect. Electron withdrawing group leads to development of ẟ+ on Carbon atom sharing a bond with the substituent as EWG pulled of electron towards it being more electronegative in nature. Among O and N, O is more electronegative than N. So inductive effect of OH>NH2
Hence, the correct order of -I effect is +NH3>CN>OH>NH2

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