The correct option is B Heavy rainfall
Heavy rainfall is the main reason for occurrence of flood. Flooding occurs most commonly from heavy rainfall when natural watercourses do not have the capacity to convey excess water. However, floods are not always caused by heavy rainfall. They can result from other phenomena, such as a tropical cyclone, a tsunami or high tide coinciding with higher than normal river levels.Dam failure, triggered for example by an earthquake, will result in flooding of the downstream area, even in dry weather conditions.