Question

Which of the following is the reason for the extinction of passenger pigeon?

• A. Habitat loss
• B. Co-extinction
• C. Over-exploitation
• D. Alien species invasion

Answer 1

The correct option is C Over-exploitation

Biodiversity refers to the huge variety and variability that exists at different levels of biological organisation.

But, the rapid loss of biodiversity due to extinction (complete disappearance of a species from the surface of earth) of species in the past 500 years is alarming.

Biodiversity loss is primarily an outcome of human activities. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has recorded the extinction of a total 784 species in the past 500 years.

There are four major causes for the accelerated rates of species extinctions. These four major causes are often referred to as 'Evil Quartet'.

These include habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasions and co-extinction.

The extinction of passenger pigeons is due to over-exploitation by humans. Passenger pigeons were one of the most abundant species of birds with estimates of 3-5 billion birds.

Unfortunately, these birds went extinct in 1914. This was the result of new and efficient hunting techniques introduced in the 19th century.