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Question

Which of the following is the strongest acid? (pKa values given at 25oC)

A
HCOOH; pKa=3.77
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B
C6H5COOH; pKa=4.2
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C
CH3COOH; pKa=4.7
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D
CH3CH2COOH; pKa=4.88
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Solution

The correct option is A HCOOH; pKa=3.77
pKa value is to decide the strength of an acid. pKa is the negative log of the acid dissociation constant or Ka value i.e. pKa=logKa.
A lower pKa value means higher Ka which indicates a stronger acid. That is, it indicates that the acid dissociates more in water. A higher pKa value indicates a weaker acid.
HCOOH has the lowest pKa among all. So, it is the strongest acid.

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