Which of the following is used in making sugar and bread?

Saccharomyces

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Lactobacillus

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Clostridium

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Penicillium

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Solution

The correct option is B Saccharomyces
Yeast belongs to the fungi family. Yeast important for the baking industry is Saccharomyces, which means "sugar eating yeast". Yeast is used for the leavening of bread. Yeast uses the sugars and oxygen in dough to produce more yeast cells and carbon dioxide gas. This is called as multiplication. The carbon dioxide makes the dough rise which gives the bread a light and spongy texture. Yeast also works on the gluten network. The by-products of fermentation, or rising, give bread it's characteristic flavour and aroma. The yeast continues to grow and ferment until the dough reaches around 46 $^{o}$ C at which temperature yeast dies. Yeast uses sugars by breaking them down into carbon dioxide and water.

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