Which of the following mixtures in aqueous solution of equimolar concentration acts as a buffer solution?

H N O_{3} + N a O H

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H_{2} S O_{4} + K O H

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N H_{4} O H (e x c e s s) + H C l

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C H_{3} C O O H + N a O H (e x c e s s)

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Solution

The correct option is B $N H_{4} O H (e x c e s s) + H C l$
A mixture of ammonium hydroxide and $H C l$ react to form ammonium chloride. This also contains unreacted ammonium hydroxide.

$N H_{4} O H + H C l \to N H_{4} C l + H_{2} O$

Thus, the resulting mixture of $(N H_{4} O H + N H_{4} C l)$ is a basic buffer solution. It contains a mixture of weak base ammonium hydroxide and its salt (ammonium chloride) with strong acid $(H C l)$ .

It is used in a qualitative analysis of group $I I I$ radicals.

A mixture of $H N O_{3}$ and $N a O H$ is a mixture of strong acid and strong base similarly a mixture of $H_{2} S O_{4}$ and $K O H$ is also a mixture of strong acid and strong base, thus they do not form buffer solution.

Similarly, in option D mixture will form a strong base and salt of strong base weak acid hence it will not form a buffer solution.

Hence, option C is correct.

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