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Question

Which of the following observations of α-particle scattering experiment led to the presence of a small positively charged nucleus in the centre?


A
Most of the α–particles passed through the gold foil undeflected
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B
Only a few α-particles deflected away from their path after passing through the gold foil
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C
Very few α-particles rebounded
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D
None of the above
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Solution

The correct option is C Very few α-particles rebounded
Alpha particles passed through the gold foil as shown below.


Following are the observations which conclude the presence of the nucleus at the center of the atom:
  • Most of the alpha particles passed undeflected through the gold foil i.e. most of the atom consists of empty spaces.
  • Some of the alpha rays were deflected back at an angle. (presence of nucleus)
  • Very few alpha particles bounced back by 180 degrees. (Alpha rays hit the center of the nucleus)

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