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Resonance Effect

Which of the ...

Question

Which of the following options is the correct order of relative stabilities of cations $I, I I$ and $I I I$ as written below (most stable first)?

I > I I > I I I

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I I I > I I > I

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I I I > I > I I

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I > I I I > I I

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Solution

The correct option is A $I > I I > I I I$
Structure $I$ is resonance stabilized as shown:

In structure $I I$ , there are five $α$ -hydrogens, and this this structure is stabilized by hyperconjugation.
In structure $I I I$ , there are no $α$ -hydrogens, so hyperconjugation effect is not there. This carbocation is stabilized by inductive effect of alkyl groups.
Since ,
Resonance>Hyperconjugation>Insuctive effect.
The correct order is
$I > I I > I I I$

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K_{2} C O_{3} (I), M g C O_{3} (I I), C a C O_{3} (I I I), B e C O_{3} (I V)

I - C H_{3} - * C H - C H_{3}

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^{\oplus} C H_{2} - C O C H_{3}

^{\oplus} C H_{2} - O C H_{3}

^{\oplus} C H_{2} - C H_{3}

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