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Question

Which of the following pair of statements correctly differentiate between cold and pneumonia

A
Pneumonia is caused by a virus while the common cold is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae
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B
Pneumonia pathogen infects alveoli whereas the common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs
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C
Pneumonia is a communicable disease whereas the common cold is nutritional deficiency disease
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D
Pneumonia can be prevented by a vaccine whereas the common cold has no effective vaccine.
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Solution

The correct option is D Pneumonia can be prevented by a vaccine whereas the common cold has no effective vaccine.

Statement 4 correctly differentiates cold and pneumonia. The lungs are made up of small sacs called alveoli, which fill with air when a healthy person breathes. When an individual has pneumonia, the alveoli are filled with pus and fluid, which makes breathing painful and limits oxygen intake. The common cold is a viral infection that infects the nose and throat, and frequently the lower respiratory tract including the lungs. Pneumonia can be prevented by a vaccine whereas the common cold has no effective vaccine. Both cold and pneumonia are contagious and spread in the same way, through airborne droplets coming from coughing or sneezing. Pneumonia is typically caused by bacterial or viral infections. Common cold is caused by viruses and not bacteria.


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