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Question

Which of the following phenomena is related to the formation of rainbows?

A
Reflection
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B
Refraction
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C
Dispersion
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D
Scattering
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Solution

The correct options are
A Reflection
B Refraction
C Dispersion
D Scattering
Rainbow is formed due to refraction and dispersion of light in a raindrop as shown in the figure.

When a ray of light is incident on a raindrop, it disperses into its constituent colours because of change in medium.
On the opposite surface of the drop , rays incident and suffers internal reflection.
When light leaves the opposite surface it again undergoes refraction and dispersion.
Each raindrop is a sphere and it scatters light over an entire circular disc in the sky. As amount of scattering is dependent on wavelength, it plays a role in the formation of a rainbow.

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