Which of the following reaction happens while extracting silicon in its amorphous form?

S i O_{2} + 2 M g H e a t - -- \to S i + 2 M g O

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S i O_{2} + 2 C H e a t - -- \to S i + 2 C O

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S i O_{2} + 2 C u H e a t - -- \to S i + 2 C u O

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All of the above

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Solution

The correct option is A $S i O_{2} + 2 M g H e a t - -- \to S i + 2 M g O$
Finely powdered silica (sand or quartz) is mixed with magnesium powder and heated in a fire- clay crucible. Magnesium oxide and silicon are formed. The product is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid to dissolve magnesium oxide, a basic impurity. Then it is washed with hydrofluoric acid to remove unreacted silica. The powder left behind is silicon its amorphous form.

$S i O_{2} + 2 M g ⟶ S i + 2 M g O$

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