Question

Which of the following represents the Dow process for the manufacture of phenol?

• A.
• B.
• C.
• D. None of these

Answer 1

The correct option is A

Dow's process refer to substitution of chloride group of chlorobenzene by hydroxyl group through nucleophilic substitution reaction to form phenol.
When chlorobenzene $\left(C_6{H}_{5}Cl\right)$ reacts with aqueous $\left(NaOH\right)$ solution it first forms sodium phenoxide $\left(C_6{H}_{5}ONa\right)$, and then phenol upon reacting with $H^{+}.$
The reaction mechanism is as follows:
This mechanism contain 2 steps ​:
Step-1 : Attack of nucleophile​


Step-2 : Removal of leaving group​