Question

Which of the following statement is true regarding natural selection?

• A. Natural selection may lead to evolution.
• B. Differences in reproduction and survival are due to variation among organisms.
• C. The initial population varies in many traits. Individuals have one version of some traits.
• D. All of the above.

Answer 1

The correct option is D All of the above.

The theory of natural selection (survival of fittest) was given by Darwin. According to this theory,

1. More individuals are produced in each generation and they compete with each other for their existence. Those individuals can survive that can inherit the adaptations according to the change in the environment and rest will die,
2. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable,
3. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive and reproduce. This process is called differential reproduction.
4. New species (evolution) will form at the time of reproductive isolation. Industrial revolution in black peppered moth is an example of natural selection.

So, the correct option is D.