Question

Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

• A. In steam distillation, organic liquid which has a higher B.P. than water​ can be boiled (distilled) at a much lower temperature
• B. At equilibrium,
  $\text{Rate of dissolution}\ne \text{Rate of crystallisation}$
• C. At equilibrium,
  $\text{Rate of dissolution = Rate of crystallisation}$
• D. At equilibrium, the concentration ​of solute in solution will remain ​constant

Answer 1

Answer: (A), (C), (D)

At equilibrium, the concentration ​of solute in solution will remain ​constant

Organic liquid can be purified from impurities using steam distillation.​
In steam distillation, a liquid (generally organic) that is immiscible​ with water, and has a higher B.P. than water​ can be boiled (distilled) at a much lower temperature by passing steam through it.
Dissolution:
When a solid solute is added to the solvent, some solute dissolves and its concentration increases in the solution. This is called dissolution.

Crystallisation:
Some solute particles in the solution ​collide with the other solid solute particles and get separated out of solution.​ This is called crystallisation.

At equilibrium,
$\text{Rate of dissolution = Rate of crystallisation}$
$\text{Solute + Solvent}\rightleftharpoons \text{Solution}$

At this stage, the concentration ​of solute in solution will remain constant under the given temperature and pressure conditions. Such a solution is said to be​ saturated with the given solute.​​

Thus, statement (a), (b) and (c) are correct.