Question

Which of the following statements is/are true?

I. Temperate regions have more species diversification than tropical regions
II. Tropical environments have more species diversity than temperate regions
III. Niche specialisation is observed more in temperate regions
IV. Higher productivity is seen in tropical regions

• A. I and II
• B. III only
• C. IV only
• D. II and IV

Answer 1

The correct option is D II and IV

The tropical environment is more constant and predictable and is less seasonal when compared to the temperate environment. Temperate regions were subject to various frequent glaciations in the past, unlike the tropical regions which have remained undisturbed for a long time. This has resulted in species diversification in tropical regions. Tropical environments have a higher species diversity than temperate regions and hence, higher productivity as compared to temperate regions. The increased availability of solar energy in the tropical regions when compared to the temperate regions also contribute to the higher productivity in that area.

Niche specialisation is a process where species within a habitat adapt and specialise in their functional ecological role. Due to their constant environments, species in tropical regions are more adapted and specialised in their ecological niche than that of temperate regions. So, niche specialisation is observed more in tropical regions.