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Question

Which of the following statements is/are true with reference to soil erosion?

A
Deforestation exposes land to the forces of wind and water leading to loss of topsoil and nutrients.
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B
Logging of forests protects the ground from soil erosion.
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C
Overgrazing reduces the ability for plants to grow and water to penetrate leading to loss of soil microbes.
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D
The overuse of pesticides changes the soil composition and disrupts the balence of micro-organisms in the soil.
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Solution

The correct option is D The overuse of pesticides changes the soil composition and disrupts the balence of micro-organisms in the soil.
The major causes of soil erosion are deforestation, overgrazing, surface mining, construction, and the extensive use of agro-chemicals. When agriculture fields replace natural vegetation, the topsoil gets exposed to running water and wind. The diversity and quantity of micro-organisms that help to keep the soil fertile, can decrease and nutrients may wash out. Sustainable land management practices and agricultural techniques can prevent soil erosion.

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