Question

Which of the following statements regarding Kingdom Animalia is/are incorrect?

I. Apart from body symmetry, nature of coelom, and presence/absence of notochord, patterns of digestive, circulatory, or reproductive systems are also used as the basis of animal classification.
II. Members of class Insecta and Crustacea, like cockroaches, crabs, and scorpions have compound eyes that can cover a wider angle compared to simple eyes.
III. Solenocytes also known as flame cells, are H-shaped excretory structures found in members of the phylum Platyhelminthes like Dugesia and Wuchereria.
IV. Renal portal system is absent in animals of class Mammalia.

• A. (i) and (iii)
• B. (ii) and (iii)
• C. (i) and (iv)
• D. (i), (ii), and (iv)

Answer 1

Answer: (B)

(ii) and (iii)

• All animals have some common features like the absence of cell walls and chloroplast and heterotrophic mode of nutrition. Apart from these similarities, they also show the relation in the arrangement of cells, body symmetry, nature of coelom, patterns of digestive, circulatory, or reproductive systems. These features are used as the basis of animal classification. Statement (i) is correct.
• Most insects and crustaceans have compound eyes made up of repeating units, the ommatidia, each of which functions as a separate visual receptor. But still, statement (ii) is incorrect because scorpions are included in class Arachnida and have simple eyes.
  
• Flame cells or solenocytes are shaped basically like a cup with cilia or hair-like structures which keep beating inside the cup. They are developed to perform the function of excretion in Platyhelminthes like Dugesia, Fasciola, and Taenia. However, H- shaped excretory structures called renette glands are present in nematodes like Wuchereria and Ascaris. So, statement (iii) is also incorrect.
• A renal portal system is a second route by which blood pools from a capillary bed into another capillary bed through veins, without first going through the heart. Both capillary beds and the blood vessels that connect them are part of the renal portal system. The renal portal system is found in fishes, amphibians (frogs), reptiles, and birds. Mammals (rabbit, mouse, and horse) have no renal portal system. Hence, statement (iv) is correct.
  

Thus, the correct answer is option B.