Which of the following would be expected to be most highly ionised in water?

C H_{3} C H_{2} C H_{2} COOH

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C H_{3} CHClC H_{2} COOH

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C H_{3} C H_{2} CC l_{2} COOH

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C H_{3} C H_{2} CHClCOOH

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Solution

The correct option is D. $C H_{3} C H_{2} CC l_{2} COOH$
Fast ionization is shown by strong acids. And Acidic strength increases if any electron-withdrawing atom/ group is attached to carboxylic acid.
A chlorine atom has a high $- I$ effect (i.e electron-withdrawing tendency). More the chlorine atoms attached to carboxylic acid, strong will be the acidic strength.
Therefore the correct answer is option C.

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