Question

Which of the gland controls the activity of thyroid gland? Write four effects of hypothyroidism on human body.

Answer 1

The pituitary gland controls the activity of thyroid gland. The four effects of hypothyroidism are as follows:
(1) Cretinism: In the young mammal's deficiency of the thyroid hormone leads of cretinism.
(2) Myxoedema: Deficiency of thyroid in adult human being produces myxoedema or Gull's disease.
(3) Hashimoto's disease: In this disease, all the aspects of thyroid functions are impaired. It is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is destroyed by auto immunity.
(4) Simple goitre: whenever the amount of iodine is decreased in the body, the gland is enlarged in the size. The number of follicles is increased but the total production of hormone remains normal so there is a marked enlargement of the gland which forms simple goitre or endemic goitre or colloid goitre.