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Question
Which one is correctly matched?
Which one is correctly matched?
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Solution
The correct option is D AIDS virus - Reverse transcriptase
Oncogenes - Ageing
Oncogenes are genes that are able to cause cancer. In cancer the abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and result in tumours.
Ageing is a gradual and continuous process of changes that begins in adulthood. Hence the given pair in option (a) is incorrect.
Initiation factors - Amino acid activation
Translation is the process of formation of a long chain of protein by the polymerization of amino acids, using the information from mRNA.
Initiation factors in the translation are the proteins that bind to the subunit of the ribosome and initiate translation.
Amino acids react with ATP to form amino acid-AMP-complex and inorganic phosphates. This is called amino acid activation and catalysed by the amino-acyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme. This occurs before the initiation step in translation. Hence the given pair in option (b) is incorrect.
Replication fork - mRNA
The DNA unwinds locally at a specific point in the double helix for replication to occur. This region of DNA double helix where the two strands unwind and separate is known as the replication fork.
m-RNA (messenger RNA) codes for the sequence of amino acids in the protein by transcribing the message from the DNA. It constitutes only 5% of the total RNA of the cell. Hence the given pair in option (c) is incorrect.
AIDS virus - Reverse transcriptase
HIV is a retrovirus which contains 2 single stranded RNAs and reverse transcriptase enzyme. It causes AIDS. HIV infects the macrophages and helper T lymphocytes in the human body. The retrovirus injects its single stranded genomic RNAs into the host cell and the reverse transcriptase enzyme converts it into double stranded viral DNA by reverse transcription. Then the viral DNA gets integrated into the host genome. Hence the given pair in option (d) is correctly matched.
Oncogenes - Ageing
Oncogenes are genes that are able to cause cancer. In cancer the abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and result in tumours.
Ageing is a gradual and continuous process of changes that begins in adulthood. Hence the given pair in option (a) is incorrect.
Initiation factors - Amino acid activation
Translation is the process of formation of a long chain of protein by the polymerization of amino acids, using the information from mRNA.
Initiation factors in the translation are the proteins that bind to the subunit of the ribosome and initiate translation.
Amino acids react with ATP to form amino acid-AMP-complex and inorganic phosphates. This is called amino acid activation and catalysed by the amino-acyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme. This occurs before the initiation step in translation. Hence the given pair in option (b) is incorrect.
Replication fork - mRNA
The DNA unwinds locally at a specific point in the double helix for replication to occur. This region of DNA double helix where the two strands unwind and separate is known as the replication fork.
m-RNA (messenger RNA) codes for the sequence of amino acids in the protein by transcribing the message from the DNA. It constitutes only 5% of the total RNA of the cell. Hence the given pair in option (c) is incorrect.
AIDS virus - Reverse transcriptase
HIV is a retrovirus which contains 2 single stranded RNAs and reverse transcriptase enzyme. It causes AIDS. HIV infects the macrophages and helper T lymphocytes in the human body. The retrovirus injects its single stranded genomic RNAs into the host cell and the reverse transcriptase enzyme converts it into double stranded viral DNA by reverse transcription. Then the viral DNA gets integrated into the host genome. Hence the given pair in option (d) is correctly matched.
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