Question

Which one is not concerned with the use of radio isotope?

• A. To study the mechanism of photosynthesis by ${}^{14}\text{C}$ and ${}^{18}\text{O}$ isotope
• B. To study the basicity of oxo-acids of phosphorus by ${}^{18}\text{O}$ isotope
• C. Use of Americium-243 in smoke detector
• D. Use of ${}^{14}\text{C}$ in plastic samples to check uniformly

Answer 1

Answer: (A), (B), (C), (D)

The correct options are
A Use of Americium-243 in smoke detector
B To study the basicity of oxo-acids of phosphorus by ${}^{18}\text{O}$ isotope
C To study the mechanism of photosynthesis by ${}^{14}\text{C}$ and ${}^{18}\text{O}$ isotope
D Use of ${}^{14}\text{C}$ in plastic samples to check uniformly

Radioisotopes have found extensive use in diagnosis and therapy, and this has given rise to a rapidly growing field called nuclear medicine. These radioactive isotopes have proven particularly effective as tracers in certain diagnostic procedures. As radioisotopes are identical chemically with stable isotopes of the same element, they can take the place of the latter in physiological processes. Moreover, because of their radioactivity, they can be readily traced even in minute quantities with such detection devices as gamma-ray spectrometers and proportional counters. Though many radioisotopes are used as tracers, iodine-131, phosphorus-32, and technetium-99m are among the most important. Physicians employ iodine-131 to determine cardiac output, plasma volume, and fat metabolism and particularly to measure the activity of the thyroid gland where this isotope accumulates. Phosphorus-32 is useful in the identification of malignant tumours because cancerous cells tend to accumulate phosphates more than normal cells do. Technetium-99m, used with radiographic scanning devices, is valuable for studying the anatomic structure of organs.
Such radioisotopes as cobalt-60 and cesium-137 are widely used to treat cancer. They can be administered selectively to malignant tumours and so minimize damage to adjacent healthy tissue.