Which one of the following electrolytes used in Down's process of extracting sodium metal?

N a C l + K C l + K F

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N a C l

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N a O H + K C l + K F

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N a C l + N a O H

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Solution

The correct option is A $N a C l + K C l + K F$
In Down's process, molten sodium chloride (common salt) is electrolyzed using a graphite anode and a ring-shaped iron cathode. The two electrodes are separated by a wire gauge partition to avoid the mixing of sodium and chlorine so formed.

As sodium chloride melts at a very high temperature of $1085 K$ , a mixture containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride and potassium fluoride $(N a C l + K C l + K F)$ is employed. This mixture melts at about $(850 - 875) K$ .

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