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Standard XII
Biology
Genetic Drift
Which one of ...
Question

Which one of the following is incorrect about genetic drift?

A
A mechanism for the evolution of new species
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B
Founder effect is a special case
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C
Significant only in large population
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D
Random change occurs in allelic frequency in a population
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Solution

The correct option is C Significant only in large population
Genetic drift is a mechanism for the evolution of new species. It is the variation in relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes, as individuals die or do not reproduce. Founder effect is an example of genetic drift. It is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population. In other words, founder effect occurs in a small population that has arisen out of a larger population.

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Q. Assertion :Genetic drift refers to change in allelic frequencies of a gene pool due to chance and occurs both in large and small populations. Reason: Small populations will, therefore, suffer more than larger ones.
Q.

Assertion:Genetic drift is the change in allele frequencies of a population

Reason: Genetic drift always takes place in the large populations.


Q.

Change in frequency of alleles in a population results in evolution, is proposed in:


Q. Match the following of column I with that of column II.
Column I Column II
i. Mutation p. Random allele frequency fluctuation
ii. Genetic recombination q. Migration of genes/alleles from one population to another
iii. Gene migration r. Occurrence of new genetic combination during sexual reproduction
iv. Genetic drift s. Sudden change in DNA sequence

Q. Fill up the blanks in the following paragraph by selecting the correct option.
When migration of a section of population to another place and population occurs, __(i)__ change in the original as well as in the new population. New genes/ alleles are added to the __(ii)__ population and these are lost from the __(iii)__ population. There would be a __(iv)__ if this gene migration, happens multiple times. If the same occurs by chance, it is called __(v)__, Sometimes the change in allele frequency is so different in the new sample of population that they become a different species. The original drifted population becomes founders and the effect is called __(vi)__.
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