Question

Which one of the following is not a method of in situ conservation of biodiversity?

• A. Sacred grove
• B. Biosphere reserve
• C. Wildlife sanctuary
• D. Botanical garden

Answer 1

The correct option is D Botanical garden

Conservation of biodiversity can be done using two different strategies.

• In situ (on site) conservation - conserving life forms in their natural habitat.
  • Sacred groves refer to the forest tracts that are held in high regard and esteem and are protected by the local people due to their culture and religious beliefs. These are found in Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, Aravalli Hills of Rajasthan, Western Ghat regions of Karnataka and Maharashtra and the Sarguja, Chanda and Bastar areas of Madhya Pradesh.
  • The regions rich in biodiversity are protected legally as biosphere reserves, national parks and wildlife sanctuaries. India has 14 biosphere reserves, 90 national parks and 448 wildlife sanctuaries.
• Ex-situ (off site) conservation - conserving life forms in controlled environments.
  • Botanical gardens are sites of ex-situ (off site) conservation of threatened or endangered plants that are facing the risk of extinction in the near future. As these plants need urgent measures for conservation, they are collected from their natural habitat and conserved in the controlled environment of a botanical garden.