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Question

Which one of the following is the strongest base?

A
AsH3
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B
SbH3
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C
PH3
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D
NH3
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Solution

The correct option is D NH3
Among the hydrides of group 15, ammonia NH3 is strongest base.

Due to smaller atomic size the lone pair electrons on N in NH3 is concentrated over a small region. Hence, it is more available for donation.

On moving down the group, with increase in atomic size, the lone pair is diffused over larger volume and is less available for donation. So, NH3 is a stronger Lewis base and basic character decreases down the group.

Option (D) is correct.

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